Lesson 2f - Conditionals - English Grammar

POINTS TO STUDY

 

• Learn about the unreal conditionals in the past (continued)

VIDEO

 

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dhC77_aBT5U

 

SCRIPT, LISTENING TIPS, & GRAMMAR

So up to now we’ve talked about only using would have + the past participle in the result clause.  Other modals can be used and I’d like to share a couple of examples, again with help of flags.  Do you know this one?  This is the French flag, the flag of France.  I’ve been to France a few times and I enjoyed myself.  I think / I might have enjoyed myself more / if I had learned to speak better French.  So in the result clause, I used ‘might have + past participle’ indeed expresses as possibility: might have + the past participle. 

 

So here’s the second example.  This is the Canadian flag, the flag of Canada.  After college and somewhere in the middle of graduate school, I went to Toronto to visit a friend there.  It was the only city I got to see because I didn’t have much money to go to travel all around of Canada.  I could have seen more of Canada if I had had more money.  So in this statement I used ‘could have + the past participle’ again to talk about possibility.  Could have + the past participle could express possibility or ability.  So the truth: I wasn’t able to see more of Canada, why? because I didn’t have much money.  And note that in that if clause, I had two has, if I had had more money, to some ears it might sound strange, but it’s correct because the past perfect is had + past participle. In that statement, my main verb was have and its past participle is had.  So if I had had more money, I could have seen more Canada.

 

Let’s review. [see screen and listen Jennifer] Let’s talk more specifically about those untrue situations.  [see screen and listen Jennifer]  Note with pronunciation, would have in fast speech sounds like 우드워ㅍ; I 우드워ㅍ learned more Japanese if I had lived in Japan. [see screen and listen Jennifer]  So let’s try an exercise. [see screen and listen Jennifer]  For example, you read the example to yourself and then I’ll tell you the answer. Here’s the final exercise.  [see screen and listen Jennifer]          

 

One thing you can do with the previous exercise is to share them with your friend who’s also studying English.  If you still have doubts, you can send them to me.  I’ll correct them for you.  Send them along to EnglishWith Jennifer@gmail.com.  That’s the end of our lesson on unreal conditional at the past.  Thanks for watching.

 

Epilogue

오늘로 일주일 동안의 긴 가정법에 대한 강의가 끝났습니다.  저도 한국에서 이 가정법의 용법을 문법위주로 외우고 또 외우고도, 시험장에 가면 언제나 헷갈려서 머리가 뽀개질 지경 이었습니다.  여러분도 대부분 그러실 겁니다.  그러면 어떤식으로 공부하는 것이 좋을까요? 전 그냥 예문을 각 경우별로 만들어서 무작정 외웠습니다. 지난 강의를 통째로 외우는건 불가능 합니다. 각 경우에 해당하는 예문을 통째로 외워도 10 문장이 넘지 않지요. 이들 문장만 외워 놓으면 시험장에서 절대 틀리지 않을것 입니다.  어느 시험이든 이들 예문에서 단어만 바뀌었을 뿐 기본 문법은 동일 합니다.

 

 

TODAY’S PRONUNCIATION

 

Daily Pronunciation #23 - English Lesson – WACKY

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n6W2Hp1ZZ54

 

 

PREVIEW FOR TOMORROW

 

내일은 Desperate Housewives라는 미드가 올라 갑니다.  미국에서는 큰  인기를 끌었는데 한국에서는 방영이 되었는지 모르겠습니다.