POINTS TO STUDY
- Review the conditionals and the results
- Introduce the future factual conditionals
- Take a look how we use this word
오늘은 어제 배운 기본적인 조건문과 결과문의 구조에 대해서 간단하게 복습을 하고, 사실 (fact/general belief) 을 표현하는 현재시제로 만든 조건문 (IF or When/Whenever) 의 결과절 (clause) 에 사용 가능한 동사의 형태에 대한 공부를 합니다. 마지막에 요약본을 따로 정리 했으니 도움이 되시길 바랍니다... 매번 느끼는 것이지만, 제니퍼의 설명과 연습문제는 정말 일목요연 합니다.
SCRIPT, LISTENING TIPS, & GRAMMAR
Do you ever get an odd sound in your ears? It’s like a ringing sound? Some people believe / that if your ears ring, someone is talking about you. Do you believe it? It’s just superstition. But, we’re going to use this example to review / what we learned on our first lesson on the conditionals.
- get an ~ 이부분을 언뜻 들으면 getting으로 들릴수 있습니다. 그러나 조동사 do 다음에는 동사원형이 사용된다는 걸 알면 쉽게 get an으로 판단할수 있습니다.
Now conditionals are if-statements. We had noted though / that not all conditionals are made with IF, that’s the most common way to make our conditionals. These IF statements have two parts: there is a condition and a result. You can not have a result without condition. Taking our example, if your ears ring, someone is talking about you. “Someone is talking about you” is the result. The condition, if your ears ring. Now these two parts are clauses can change places in the sentence and the meaning doesn’t change. So we can also say, “Someone is talking about you / if your ears ring.” We also noted that / we use a comma when we write / only if we put the if-clause first in the sentence.
- noted though / that 미국인들이 자주 사용하는 어법중의 하나가 이, though의 사용 입니다. ‘비록 ~ 하지만’ 이란 말을 우리가 영작하면 거의 대부분이 although, 혹은 even if/though 를 습관적으로 사용합니다. 하지만 미국인들은 이though를 사용 합니다.
즉, We had noted though / that = Although we had noted that ~ . 처음에 이걸 몰라서 무진장 헷갈렸던 경험이 있습니다.
OK, also what is very important to understand and remember / is verb tenses. In our first lesson, we looked at the real conditionals or factual conditionals, and that was when we use the present tense in both clauses. If your ears ring, ring-simple present, someone is talking about you, present progressive. So by present tense, I mean simple present, present progressive, and we also noted that you could use modals. I want to add to that list imperatives, for example, here’s another superstition, “If your left hand itches, scratch it on wood for good luck.” You can believe that one or not. I also want to explain right now / that with our factual conditionals in the present, if can be replaced by when (or whenever), so taking our original superstition, if your ears ring, someone is talking about you. I can replace if with when, when your ears ring, someone is talking about you. (I) can also say whenever, whenever your ears ring, someone is talking about you. So substituting if with when or whenever is possible only with these factual conditionals. And by factual again I’ve reviewed in Lesson one that we mean general truths, facts, common events, and habits. Right now in Lesson Two, we’re going to move on to a new type of conditional.
- 한마디로, 그누구도 토를 달지 못할 처절한 “사실”일 경우에만, if 를 when/whenever 로 대체할수 있다는 말이지요... Morning is broken whenever sun rises. Jung-Keun Bong is the MOP when the ball game is over... ^^ (note: MOP = most outstanding player)
NEW TOPIC: Future factual conditionals
Still factual, but moving to the future. Here’s an example: mirror, now what happens if I break it? Do you know? “Seven years of bad luck.” (너무 가혹 하다는 생각이 듭니다) If you break a mirror, you’ll have seven years of bad luck. What did you notice now? In the first clause, the if-clause, I said if you break a mirror, even though I’m talking about the future, I still use the simple present. “If you break a mirror”, but now in the result clause, you’ll have seven years of bad luck. I’m using a future tense. So in these factual conditionals that refer to the future, we’re going to use in the result clause of future tense. And that could be will, or (be) going to.
So let’s review what we‘ve learned so far: on your screen you’re going to see a sentence. Each sentence is superstition. I’m going to take out the verbs from these sentences, and I want you to read them / putting the verbs back in the correct tense. We’ll do the first one together as an example. OK?
So here’s sentence one: take a moment and read it to yourself, and then I’ll tell you the answer. [see screen and listen Jennifer]. OK, so remember as we make these factual conditionals in the future, we use simple present in the IF-clause, and the future tense will or (be) going to in the result clause. So now, I want you to try the number two on your own. Read the sentence / and then you will hear the answer. [see screen and listen Jennifer]
OK, so in factual conditionals referring to the future, we said / that we use the simple present in the IF-clause, and then in the result clause we use future tense, will or (be) going to. I want to add to that list now that in the result clause we can also use imperatives (command). Now these are the lucky charms. Here’s the crystal, a sign, a lucky penny, and a little statue. “Don’t be surprised (imperative, 명령문) if a lucky charm actually brings you luck.”
Now, we can also use modals so in the result clause now we’ve talked about, will, going to, imperatives, and now I’m telling / you can also use modal. Example, here’s a rabbit, here’s the rabbit’s foot. Do you know anything about rabbit’s feet? You can increase your luck (조동사) if you carry a rabbit’s foot. You can increase your luck if you carry a rabbit’s foot.
So let’s summarize. We’ve been dealing with factual conditionals in the future. [see screen and listen Jennifer] Keep the conditions in the simple present, the result clause can have: will, (be) going to, the imperative, and modal.
So now a good exercise for you is to write 2 or 3 superstitions. Think about what people have told you. Think about common beliefs in your own culture. You don’t have to believe them yourself, but you do have to be able to write them / as factual conditions in the future. All right, check back here, and we’ll have some more lessons in conditionals. Good luck, happy studies!
- 동사의 현재시제로 만든 조건문 (IF or When/Whenever)의 결과절(clause)에 사용 가능한 동사의 형태는:
- Will - If you break a mirror, you’ll have seven years of bad luck.
- be going to - If you study everyday, you are going to be fluent in English.
- 명령문 - Don’t be surprised if a lucky charm actually brings you luck.
- 조동사 - You can increase your luck if you carry a rabbit’s foot.